USSR / Russia 1960 Medal - 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Anton Chekhov UNC

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Russia - USSR medal 100th anniversary of the birth of A.P. Chekhov, 1960
Shkurko, Salykov 201. UNC Diameter 65mm. 137.61g. Tompac. Mintage 1038 pc. ЛМД. A. V. Kozlov, G. I. Motovilov.
"100 лет со дня рождения А.П.Чехова"

Anton Chekhov (1860–1904) was a Russian physician, short-story writer, and playwright whose subtle realism transformed modern literature and theatre.

Born on January 29, 1860 (January 17, Old Style), in the southern Russian port of Taganrog, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was the third of six children of a struggling shopkeeper whose own father had been a serf. When the family business failed in 1876, his parents and siblings fled to Moscow, leaving the teenage Anton behind to finish school. He supported himself by tutoring and selling sketches, then won a scholarship to study medicine at Moscow University, graduating in 1884.

While still a student he began publishing humorous short pieces under various pseudonyms to help support his family. Gradually his writing matured from light satire into profound, understated stories that captured ordinary lives with quiet compassion and irony. Landmark works such as “The Steppe” (1888) earned him the Pushkin Prize and critical recognition. He continued practicing medicine—famously calling it his “lawful wife” and literature his “mistress”—and in 1890 undertook a grueling journey to the remote penal colony of Sakhalin Island to document conditions there.

Chekhov’s greatest dramatic works came later. After the initial failure of The Seagull in 1896, its triumphant revival by Konstantin Stanislavski’s Moscow Art Theatre in 1898 launched a fruitful collaboration. The masterpieces that followed—Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters, and The Cherry Orchard (premiered in 1904)—revolutionized the stage with their focus on atmosphere, unspoken emotion, and the quiet tragedies of everyday existence rather than conventional plot.

In 1901 he married the actress Olga Knipper. Tuberculosis, which had long undermined his health, forced him to spend much of his final years in the milder climate of Yalta. He died on July 15, 1904, at a spa in Badenweiler, Germany, aged only 44.

Chekhov’s influence on the short story and modern drama is immense. His economical style, psychological insight, and blend of comedy and pathos continue to shape writers and theatre artists worldwide, securing his place as one of the greatest literary figures of the modern era.

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