Roman provincial, Byzantion in Thrace, coin in the name of Julia Mamaea, 222 to 235 AD, magistrate Marcus Aurelius Fronto.
Obverse: draped bust to right. Legend IOYΛIA MAMAIA AYΓ, Julia Mamaea Augusta.
Reverse: dolphin to right between two tunny fish, the upper one to right and the lower one to left. Legend EΠI ΦΡONTΩNOC BYZANTIΩN, under Fronto, of the Byzantines.
References: Byzantion 1773; Varbanov 1946.
Julia Mamaea was the mother of the emperor Severus Alexander and in practice shared in the government from 222 onwards. In 235 mother and son were killed together by mutinous troops, which brought the Severan dynasty to an end. Byzantion lay on the Bosporus, the strait between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara, and lived to a large extent from fishing. That shows on the coinage: for centuries the city put tunny on its money, at times with a dolphin between them, as on this piece. The reverse legend names the magistrate under whom the issue was struck, Marcus Aurelius Fronto. On a large bronze of the same city his name appears in full beside that of Aelia Feste. Byzantion struck the same dolphin with tunny for Julia Mamaea under the magistrates Aemilius Severus and Marcus Aurelius Soterichos as well, each time with a different name in the legend, and it is that name which separates the varieties.
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vanzandwijkmunten: Because one coin is never enough